Track Categories
The track category is the heading under which your abstract will be reviewed and later published in the conference printed matters if accepted. During the submission process, you will be asked to select one track category for your abstract.
Neurology deals with the study of nervous system. The nervous system is a complex system that regulates and coordinates body activities. Neurological Procedures such as Lumbar puncture, Tensilon test, Electroencephalogram are used to diagnose neurological disorders. Neurological disorders often have psychiatric manifestations such as depression , Memory Disorder , mood and cognitive dysfunction etc.
Neuroscience or Neural Science involves brain, spinal cord and nerves. Cellular Neuroscience and Molecular neuroscience involves the study of neurons at a cellular and molecular level. Clinical Neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience focussing on the diseases and disorders of the brain and central nervous system. Clinical neuroscience serves as a future of Psychiatry. Computational Neuroscience assists as a theoretical method for investigating the function and mechanism of the nervous system. It makes use of the essential features of the biological system at multiple spatial-temporal scales, from membrane currents, protein and chemical coupling to network oscillations and learning and memory.
The diagnostic approach and therapeutics involves the special needs and clinical realities in treating newborns when compared to adolescents since the neurological disorders in children are varied from adults. Infections of the Nervous System may be chronic or acute which can be caused by bacteria, virus or fungi. The infections may include Meningitis, Encephalitis, and Brain Abscesses that tend to cause increased mortality.
Pediatric neurology is a specialized branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and management of neurological conditions in neonates (newborns), infants, children and adolescents. It encompasses diseases and disorders of the spinal cord, brain, peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system, muscles and blood vessels that affect individuals in these age groups. Many centers are equipped with the specialized facilities and knowledge to treat very specific disorders such as rare neurodegenerative conditions, intractable epilepsy or pediatric stroke.
Neuropsychiatry is involved to treat and manage the emotional and cognitive symptoms of neurological diseases whereas Neuropsychology evaluates concerns regarding memory, concentration, language, problem solving, organization, perception, mood, or personality. Symptoms include depression, anxiety, Psychosis, hallucinations, and/or cognitive loss. Treatment can include psychotherapy and/or medication. Psychometrics is concerned with the theory and technique of psychological measurement. Psychometric techniques have found applications in educational testing, behavior genetics and neuroscience.
One of the serious health problems a modern society facing is Brain disorders. Many of these disorders become common with aging. Some neurodegenerative conditions, such as Huntington’s disease, have clear genetic causes. Others involve complex interactions of genetic and environmental influences that can affect the brain in many ways. Neuroimaging biomarkers have significant potential to increase understanding of the mechanisms of unhealthy brain aging and neurodegeneration with potential for identifying that risk prior to the clinical manifestation of neurodegenerative disease. Prion diseases are mostly sporadic occurring in both animals and human.
The two complex conditions of neurotrauma are Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). ABI results in problems with attention, planning and interacting with others and SCI leads to permanent paralysis. A type of Traumatic Brain Injury in which a buildup of blood occurs between the dura mater and the skull is otherwise called, Epidural Hematoma (EDH).A damage or disruption to the brain or Brain Function after the birth of an individual is termed as Brain disorder.
Neuro-Oncology is focused on the treatment and developmental research in brain and spinal cord neoplasm. Among the carcinogenic brain cancers, astrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme, gliomas of the brainstem and pons are worst. Cancer spreads to the Nervous System by direct invasion or compression from continuous tissues relates to the relation of the Nervous System to other structures. Neuroradiology is focusing on the diagnosis and characterization of abnormalities of the central and peripheral nervous system, spine, and head and neck using neuroimaging techniques. Primary imaging modalities include computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Brain tumors and other neurological complications can be treated by Neuro-Oncology which requires a special care. Cyberknife Radiosurgery involves the tracking of a breathe or other people’s motion which is used to treat various lesions like Chordoma , Meningioma , Nasopharynx etc. Pediatric Neurosurgery is used to treat neurologiacal disorders in young adults. Functional Neurosurgery focusses on treating movement-related disorders, pain, and epilepsy.
The most common neurodegenerative disorders affecting older population are Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson's disease . AD involves impaired memory and cognitive decline while the primary symptoms of PD are resting tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity. In PD, mild frequent cognitive changes may progress to dementia. PD and AD dementias are different in pathology even though the microstructural changes remain unknown. Alzheimer's disease is caused by genetic factors, lifestyle and environmental factors that upset the brain over time. Diffusion tensor imaging is a neuroimaging technique used to estimate the location, orientation etc of the brain's white matter tracts. Neuroprotective therapies target natural repair mechanisms rather than disease specific processes, so that they can be used to treat Parkinson’s disease and other brain disorders.
When the blood supply to the brain is cut off stroke occurs. Stroke can be Ischemic or Hemorrhagic. Restorative therapies for stroke includes Stem Cell transplantation and pharmacological approach. The potential cells for neural repair in ischemic stroke are Allogenic cells/Porcine cells , Immortalised cell lines , adult stem cells, bone marrow stem cells etc. Dementia is characterized by memory loss, communication problems and loss of brain cells. Mixed dementia refers to two or more type of dementia in a patient.
Injured brain will have limited neuroregeneration capacity which may lead to mortality in stroke. Many drug therapies provide neuroprotection against acute disease in animal models of transient cerebral ischemia reperfusion (IR) and permanent ischemia. S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) was effective in stimulating neuroregeneration-related factors in the chronic phase of the disease. Fascicular repair produces almost similar results to epineurial repair .
The nerve cells activities are disrupted by a neurological disorder called Epilepsy which leads to seizures. Electroencephalogram is used to record the brain’s electrical activity to do the monitoring and to find the affected part. The effects of epilepsy can be minimised by Anticonvulsants and proper diet. Cerebral palsy is a neurological condition in which the motor function is affected. There is no test to confirm cerebral paralysis
The molecular and cellular factors that play a role in the development of the different structures within the cochlea and inner ear can be recognized by Developmental Neuroscience . Brain Patterning may be positive patterning or negative patterning. It usually involves the processes like Brain Patterning, Axon and Dendrite Development , Development of Motor, Sensory and Limbic Systems , Transplantation and Regeneration.
The recent advances in neurology has been found in areas like Dementia, Multiple Sclerosis, Neuroethics, Epilepsy, Neurogenetics and Stroke. Brain stimulation therapy is used in treating mental disorders. Brain stimulation therapies involve activating or inhibiting the brain directly with electricity which can be given directly by electrodes implanted in the brain or the electricity can also be induced by using magnetic fields applied to the head. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is used to treat depression and anxiety. Avatar Therapy is used to treat Schizophrenia.